1. Testing Based on Objectives
1.1. Functional Testing
Unit Testing: Testing individual components or pieces of code for correctness.
Integration Testing: Testing interfaces between components and interactions to ensure they work together.
System Testing: Testing the complete integrated system to verify that it meets specified requirements.
Acceptance Testing: Validating the system against user needs, requirements, and business processes. This includes:
User Acceptance Testing (UAT): Conducted by the end users to ensure the system can handle required tasks in real-world scenarios.
Operational Acceptance Testing (OAT): Verifies operational readiness, including backups, recovery, maintenance tasks, and support procedures.
Contract and Regulation Acceptance Testing: Ensures compliance with legal, regulatory, and contractual requirements.
1.2. Non-Functional Testing
Performance Testing: Assessing the speed, responsiveness, and stability of the software under various conditions.
Load Testing: Testing under expected load to determine how the system performs.
Stress Testing: Testing under extreme conditions to identify breaking points.
Scalability Testing: Checking if the software can handle increased loads.
Volume Testing: Testing with large volumes of data.
Security Testing: Identifying vulnerabilities and ensuring the software is protected against threats.
Usability Testing: Evaluating the user interface and user experience for ease of use and satisfaction.
Compatibility Testing: Ensuring the software works across different devices, operating systems, browsers, and configurations.
Portability Testing: Checking if the software can be easily transferred from one environment to another.
Reliability Testing: Ensuring the software consistently performs as expected without failure.
Maintainability Testing: Assessing the ease with which the software can be maintained and updated.
2. Testing Based on Levels
2.1. Component Testing (Unit Testing)
Focuses on individual components or units of the software to verify each part functions correctly.
2.2. Integration Testing
Component Integration Testing: Testing interactions between integrated components.
System Integration Testing: Testing interactions between different systems and their components.
2.3. System Testing
Verifying the complete and fully integrated software product to ensure it meets the specified requirements.
2.4. Acceptance Testing
Alpha Testing: Conducted by internal staff at the developer’s site.
Beta Testing: Conducted by end users in the real environment.
3. Testing Based on Techniques
3.1. Static Testing
Review: Examining documents and code without executing the code (e.g., walkthroughs, inspections).
Static Analysis: Using tools to analyze the code for errors, vulnerabilities, and compliance with coding standards.
3.2. Dynamic Testing
Black-Box Testing: Testing without knowledge of the internal workings of the software.
White-Box Testing: Testing with knowledge of the internal logic and structure of the code.
Gray-Box Testing: Combines both black-box and white-box testing techniques.
4. Testing Based on Context
4.1. Regression Testing
Re-running previous test cases on new software versions to ensure existing functionalities work as expected after changes.
4.2. Smoke Testing (Sanity Testing)
A quick, initial test to ensure the basic functionality of a particular build is working.
4.3. Exploratory Testing
Simultaneously learning, designing, and executing tests. Testers explore the application to find defects.
5. Other Types of Testing
Informal testing without any formal test planning or documentation.
5.2. Recovery Testing
Checking the system’s ability to recover from crashes, hardware failures, or other catastrophic problems.
5.3. Install/Uninstall Testing
Testing the software installation and uninstallation processes to ensure they work correctly.
These categories and types of testing help in structuring and planning testing activities to cover all aspects of the software, ensuring comprehensive quality assurance.
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